Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, which are a type of white blood cell. Plasma cells are responsible for producing antibodies to help fight infection. In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells grow and multiply in the bone marrow, leading to the production of too many plasma cells and the accumulation of abnormal proteins in the blood and urine.
Symptoms of multiple myeloma can include:
- Bone pain, especially in the back, ribs, and pelvis
- Fatigue
- Weakness or numbness in the legs or arms
- Recurrent infections
- Anemia
- Kidney problems
- Increased risk of fractures
- Weight loss
Diagnosis of multiple myeloma typically involves a combination of physical exam, medical history, and laboratory tests, including complete blood count (CBC), urine test for abnormal proteins, and biopsy of the bone marrow.
Treatment for multiple myeloma may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplantation, and/or immunotherapy, depending on the stage and type of the cancer, as well as the overall health of the patient
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